Ohio Assessment for Educators (OAE) Integrated Science (024) Practice Exam

What is the primary function of the large intestine in the digestive system?

1. Absorb nutrients from digested food

2. Digest proteins and enzymes

3. Absorb water and eliminate waste from the body

4. Produce insulin and glucose

The correct answer is: Absorb water and eliminate waste from the body

The primary function of the large intestine, also known as the colon, is to absorb water and electrolytes from the indigestible food matter that arrives from the small intestine and to eliminate waste from the body. As food is processed during digestion, the nutrients and most of the water are absorbed in the small intestine, and what’s left passes into the large intestine. Here, the large intestine removes excess water, which is crucial for maintaining hydration and electrolyte balance in the body. Additionally, the large intestine is responsible for forming and storing feces, which are then excreted from the body. This process of absorption and elimination is vital for overall digestive health and helps prevent issues such as dehydration and constipation. Understanding the functions of the large intestine informs us of its role not just in digestion but also in water regulation within the body, highlighting its importance in the digestive system overall.