What is the primary function of the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis?

The primary function of the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis is to build high-energy compounds such as sugars. This process occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts, utilizing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions. Through a series of enzyme-mediated reactions, the Calvin Cycle converts carbon dioxide into glucose and other carbohydrates, which serve as energy sources for the plant and, ultimately, for other organisms that consume plants.

The transformation of carbon dioxide into glucose is a crucial part of the photosynthetic process, as it not only provides energy but also contributes to the overall carbon cycle in the ecosystem. By producing sugars, the Calvin Cycle plays an essential role in supporting life on Earth.