Ohio Assessment for Educators (OAE) Integrated Science (024) Practice Exam

What is the primary role of a transistor in electronic circuits?

1. Store data

2. Amplify or switch electrical signals

3. Convert electrical energy to mechanical energy

4. Generate electrical energy

The correct answer is: Amplify or switch electrical signals

The primary role of a transistor in electronic circuits is to amplify or switch electrical signals. Transistors are semiconductor devices that can control the flow of current in a circuit, making them fundamental components in modern electronics. When used as an amplifier, a transistor takes a small input signal and produces a larger output signal, which is crucial in applications like audio amplification, where weak audio signals need to be strengthened before being output to speakers. Additionally, transistors function as switches, turning circuits on or off without moving parts, which allows for precise control in digital systems like computers and smartphones. This versatility makes transistors essential in a wide range of electronic devices, from simple amplifiers to complex microprocessors.