Ohio Assessment for Educators (OAE) Integrated Science (024) Practice Exam

What principle states that energy can be transferred and transformed, but not created or destroyed?

1. First Law of Thermodynamics

2. Second Law of Thermodynamics

3. Third Law of Thermodynamics

4. Law of Conservation of Momentum

The correct answer is: First Law of Thermodynamics

The principle that states energy can be transferred and transformed, but not created or destroyed, is known as the First Law of Thermodynamics. This law is fundamental in thermodynamics and implies that the total energy in a closed system remains constant. It allows for energy to change forms — for example, chemical energy in fuel can be converted into thermal energy when burned. The concept also encompasses the idea that any energy expended must originate from a source, ensuring a balance in energy transformation. Understanding this principle is crucial in various scientific fields, including physics, chemistry, and environmental science, as it underlies the laws governing energy interactions in both natural and engineered processes.