Ohio Assessment for Educators (OAE) Integrated Science (024) Practice Exam

Which scientist's work was foundational to the principles of chemical bonding?

1. Alfred Wallace

2. Stanley Miller

3. John Dalton

4. Arno Penzias

The correct answer is: John Dalton

John Dalton's contributions to the field of chemistry were indeed foundational to the principles of chemical bonding. He is best known for proposing the Atomic Theory in the early 19th century, which laid the groundwork for understanding how atoms combine to form compounds. Dalton's theory introduced the idea that each element consists of unique atoms that have specific weights and characteristics. This understanding was pivotal in explaining how atoms bond to create molecules through the sharing or transferring of electrons. Dalton's work established the concept of atomic weights and the idea of combining elements in defined ratios, which are essential for understanding chemical bonding. His contributions paved the way for later scientists to further explore and develop models of how atoms interact with one another, ultimately leading to the formulation of modern theories of chemical bonding, such as ionic and covalent bonding. Therefore, it is clear that Dalton's foundational role has had a lasting impact on the field of chemistry and the understanding of chemical bonding.